Methods To Manage Linux File Permission

Table of Contents

The authorization is given to the user that enables them to access specific resources on the n/w, such as a data file. Our first priority is protection and security.

On a Linux system, each file and directory are assigned access rights for the owner of the file, the members of a group of related users, and everybody else. Rights can be assigned to read a file, write a file, and to execute a file.

Effect on a file:

Read (r): contents of the file can be read.

Write (w): The contents of the file can be changed.

Execute (x): The file can be executed as a command.

Effect on directory:

Read (r): contents of the directory can be listed.

Write (w): any file in the directory may be created or deleted.

Execute (x): The contents of the directory can be accessed.

There are two methods to set permission:

Symbolic method:

Read -r

Write -w

Execute – x

No permission —

2. Numeric

Read -4

Write -2

Execute – 1

No permission -0

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Setting Linux permissions for files and folders:

For User:

#chmod u+rwx folder name/filename

U = user

+ = add

rwx = permission

#chmod u-rwx folder name/file name

U = user

– = remove

rwx = permission

For Group:

#chmod g+rwx folder name/file name

g = group

+ = add

rwx = permission

#chmod g-rwx folder name/file name

g = group

– = remove

rwx = permission

For others:

#chmod o+rwx folder name/file name

o = other

+ = add

rwx = permission

#chmod o-rwx folder name/file name

o = other

– = remove

rwx = permission

To set all:

#chmod u+rwx, g+rwx, o-rwx folder name/file name

Numeric method:

#chmod 765 folder name/file name (777 for full permission)

7- user: r w x 4+3+1=7

6-group: r w – 4+2+0=6

5-others r – x 4+0+1=5

Number	Permission Type	symbol
0	No permission	– –
1	Execute	– x
2	Write	w –
3	Execute + write	w x
4	Read	r – –
5	Read + x	r – x
6	Read + w	r w –
7	R +w + x	r w x

To change group ship:

#chgrp (group name)(file name)

To change ownership:

#chown (user name) (file name)

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Vishwajit Kale

Vishwajit Kale blazed onto the digital marketing scene back in 2015 and is the digital marketing strategist of Hostdens, a company that aims to provide reliable web hosting solutions. Vishwajit is experienced in digital and content marketing along with SEO. He's fond of writing technology blogs, traveling and reading.